MBBS subject guide
Pathology
Pathology is the study of disease itself: how cells are injured, how the body responds, and how those changes present under the microscope and in...
- chapter previews
- 35
- curriculum phase
- Phase 2, Para-Clinical
Study Pathology
Pathology is the study of disease itself: how cells are injured, how the body responds, and how those changes present under the microscope and in the laboratory. The NMC framework moves from general pathology through haematology into systemic pathology of each organ, and codes every teachable point, for example PA4.2 for the mediators of acute inflammation or PA7.2 for the molecular basis of cancer. MedNext maps all 35 pathology chapters to those codes, so you can see which competencies are covered and which still need work. General pathology and haematology carry the heaviest early exam weight because their principles reappear in every systemic chapter. Cell injury, inflammation, healing, haemodynamic disorders and neoplasia are the reasoning framework the rest of the subject builds on. Systemic pathology then supplies most viva and slide-based questions, and it links tightly to medicine, surgery and clinical laboratory work. Applied pathology is built in: the iron studies behind a microcytic anaemia, the gross and microscopic features of a peptic ulcer, and the pathology of ischaemic heart disease are all tagged to their codes. Each chapter pairs a detailed reading with practice questions and a one-page cheat sheet under the same NMC tags. Learn the mechanisms once and revision becomes a checklist rather than a re-read.
Browse Pathology chapters
PA1: Introduction to Pathology
Introduction to pathology for MBBS: aetiology, pathogenesis, morphology and clinical significance, the role of the...
Read morePA2: Cell Injury and Adaptation
Cell injury and adaptation for MBBS and NEET-PG: reversible versus irreversible injury, patterns of necrosis,...
Read morePA3: Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis for MBBS and NEET-PG: chemical nature, AL and AA classification, organ involvement and Congo red staining...
Read morePA4: Inflammation
Inflammation for MBBS and NEET-PG: cardinal signs, vascular and cellular events, chemical mediators, patterns of acute...
Read morePA5: Healing and Repair
Healing and repair for MBBS and NEET-PG: labile, stable and permanent cells, granulation tissue, first and second...
Read morePA6: Haemodynamic Disorders
Haemodynamic disorders for MBBS and NEET-PG: oedema, congestion, haemorrhage, Virchow triad, thrombosis, embolism,...
Read morePA7: Neoplasia and Tumour Markers
Neoplasia for MBBS and NEET-PG: benign versus malignant, oncogenes and tumour suppressors, routes of spread, tumour...
Read morePA8: Basic Diagnostic Cytology
Diagnostic cytology for MBBS and NEET-PG: exfoliative cytology, fine needle aspiration, Pap and Giemsa stains,...
Read morePA9: Immunopathology and AIDS
Immunopathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: four hypersensitivity reactions, autoimmunity and lupus, HLA and transplant...
Read morePA10: Infections and Infestations
Infections for MBBS and NEET-PG: malaria, cysticercosis and leprosy pathology, plus common bacterial, viral and...
Read morePA11: Genetic and Paediatric Diseases
Genetic and paediatric diseases for MBBS and NEET-PG: Down, Turner and Klinefelter syndromes, childhood tumours and...
Read morePA12: Environmental and Nutritional Diseases
Environmental and nutritional diseases for MBBS and NEET-PG: tobacco and alcohol effects, protein-energy malnutrition,...
Read morePA13: Introduction to Haematology
Introduction to haematology for MBBS and NEET-PG: haematopoiesis, anticoagulants, anaemia definition and...
Read morePA14: Microcytic Anaemia
Microcytic anaemia for MBBS and NEET-PG: iron deficiency metabolism, blood picture, iron studies, and differentiation...
Read morePA15: Macrocytic Anaemia
Macrocytic anaemia for MBBS and NEET-PG: vitamin B12 and folate metabolism, megaloblastic blood and marrow findings,...
Read morePA16: Haemolytic Anaemia
Haemolytic anaemia for MBBS and NEET-PG: intravascular and extravascular haemolysis, spherocytosis, G6PD deficiency,...
Read morePA17: Aplastic Anaemia
Aplastic anaemia for MBBS and NEET-PG: causes of marrow failure, pancytopenia with low reticulocytes, the hypocellular...
Read morePA18: Leukocyte Disorders
Leukocyte disorders for MBBS and NEET-PG: leucocytosis, leucopenia, leukaemoid reaction, and the acute and chronic...
Read morePA19: Lymph Node and Spleen
Lymph node and spleen pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: lymphadenopathy, tuberculous lymphadenitis, Hodgkin and...
Read morePA20: Plasma Cell Disorders
Plasma cell disorders for MBBS and NEET-PG: multiple myeloma pathology, M protein, Bence Jones proteinuria, lytic bone...
Read morePA21: Haemorrhagic Disorders
Haemorrhagic disorders for MBBS and NEET-PG: normal haemostasis, ITP, haemophilia, von Willebrand disease and DIC with...
Read morePA22: Blood Banking and Transfusion
Blood banking and transfusion for MBBS and NEET-PG: ABO and Rh systems, compatibility testing, Coombs tests, blood...
Read morePA23: Clinical Pathology
Clinical pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: urinalysis with casts, and cerebrospinal, pleural, peritoneal and synovial...
Read morePA24: Gastrointestinal Tract
Gastrointestinal pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: oral cancers, peptic ulcer and H pylori, gastric carcinoma,...
Read morePA25: Hepatobiliary System
Hepatobiliary pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: bilirubin metabolism and jaundice, viral and alcoholic hepatitis,...
Read morePA26: Respiratory System
Respiratory pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: pneumonia, lung abscess, COPD, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, occupational...
Read morePA27: Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: atherosclerosis, aneurysms, rheumatic heart disease, myocardial...
Read morePA28: Urinary Tract
Urinary tract pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: nephritic and nephrotic syndromes, glomerulonephritis, acute and chronic...
Read morePA29: Male Genital Tract
Male genital tract pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: testicular germ cell tumours, cryptorchidism, benign prostatic...
Read morePA30: Female Genital Tract
Female genital tract pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: cervical and endometrial carcinoma, fibroids, ovarian tumours,...
Read morePA31: Breast
Breast pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumour, fibrocystic disease and the classification,...
Read morePA32: Endocrine System
Endocrine pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: thyroid swellings and cancer, thyrotoxicosis, diabetes mellitus,...
Read morePA33: Bone and Soft Tissue
Bone and soft tissue pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: osteomyelitis, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, giant cell tumour,...
Read morePA35: Central Nervous System
Central nervous system pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: meningitis and CSF patterns, cerebrovascular disease and CNS...
Read morePA36: Eye Pathology
Eye pathology for MBBS and NEET-PG: retinoblastoma genetics, presentation and spread, with an overview of uveal...
Read morePathology questions
How many pathology chapters does MedNext cover?
The pathology subject hub covers 35 chapters, spanning general pathology, the anaemias and haematology, and systemic pathology of every major organ. Each chapter is mapped to its NMC competency codes, so coverage is visible rather than assumed.
Is pathology content mapped to the NMC competency framework?
Yes. Every pathology chapter, practice question and cheat sheet is tagged to an official NMC competency code, for example PA7.2 for the molecular basis of cancer. This is the same framework that MBBS university exams, NEET PG and NExT draw from.
Which pathology topics carry the most exam weight?
General pathology and haematology set the reasoning that every systemic chapter reuses, so cell injury, inflammation, healing, haemodynamic disorders and neoplasia repay early mastery. Systemic pathology then supplies most slide-based and viva questions.
Does MedNext include pathology MCQs and revision material?
Each pathology chapter is paired with practice questions and a one-page cheat sheet, all tagged to the same NMC codes as the reading. That lets you move from learning a competency to testing and revising it without leaving the topic.
Can I preview pathology before paying?
Yes. You can preview the platform and read a free sample chapter after registering, then view plans when you are ready to decide.
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