Medical Mnemonics
General Medicine Mnemonics
General medicine is where physiology, pharmacology, and pathology meet the bedside, and mnemonics keep emergency protocols and differential lists at your fingertips. These cover acute coronary care, the reversible causes of arrest, the wide differential of metabolic acidosis, and the sick-day rules that recur in clinics and NEET-PG stems. Say the acronym, then rehearse the action or diagnosis behind each letter so it fires under time pressure. Use them when clerking patients and when structuring long-case answers. Rebuild each list from the acronym rather than reading it, since a complete differential or resuscitation sequence is what separates a safe answer from a partial one.
MedNext Academy | 3 min read
General Medicine Mnemonics
General medicine is where physiology, pharmacology, and pathology meet the bedside, and mnemonics keep emergency protocols and differential lists at your fingertips. These cover acute coronary care, the reversible causes of arrest, the wide differential of metabolic acidosis, and the sick-day rules that recur in clinics and NEET-PG stems. Say the acronym, then rehearse the action or diagnosis behind each letter so it fires under time pressure. Use them when clerking patients and when structuring long-case answers. Rebuild each list from the acronym rather than reading it, since a complete differential or resuscitation sequence is what separates a safe answer from a partial one.
General medicine is where physiology, pharmacology, and pathology meet the bedside, and mnemonics keep emergency protocols and differential lists at your fingertips. These cover acute coronary care, the reversible causes of arrest, the wide differential of metabolic acidosis, and the sick-day rules that recur in clinics and NEET-PG stems. Say the acronym, then rehearse the action or diagnosis behind each letter so it fires under time pressure. Use them when clerking patients and when structuring long-case answers. Rebuild each list from the acronym rather than reading it, since a complete differential or resuscitation sequence is what separates a safe answer from a partial one.
Mnemonics and expansions
- **MONA:** Morphine, Oxygen, Nitrates, Aspirin. Recalls the initial measures in acute coronary syndrome, applied with modern cautions.
- **SOCRATES:** Site, Onset, Character, Radiation, Associated symptoms, Timing, Exacerbating factors, Severity. Structures a full pain history.
- **Hs and Ts:** Hypoxia, Hypovolaemia, Hydrogen ion, Hypo or hyperkalaemia, Hypothermia; Tension pneumothorax, Tamponade, Toxins, Thrombosis pulmonary, Thrombosis coronary. Lists the reversible causes of cardiac arrest.
- **MUDPILES:** Methanol, Uraemia, DKA, Propylene glycol, Iron or Isoniazid, Lactic acidosis, Ethylene glycol, Salicylates. Covers the causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis.
- **SADMANS:** Sulfonylureas, ACE inhibitors, Diuretics, Metformin, ARBs, NSAIDs, SGLT2 inhibitors. Lists the drugs to hold on sick days or before contrast.
- **AEIOU-TIPS:** Alcohol, Epilepsy or electrolytes, Insulin, Opiates or oxygen, Uraemia, Trauma or temperature, Infection, Psychiatric or poisoning, Stroke or shock. Covers the causes of altered consciousness.
- **qSOFA:** Respiratory rate 22 or more, Altered mentation, Systolic BP 100 or less. A rapid bedside screen for sepsis risk.
- **CAB:** Compressions, Airway, Breathing. Gives the adult basic life support sequence, circulation first.
- **FCRN:** Fluency, Comprehension, Repetition, Naming. Classifies aphasia into Broca, Wernicke, conduction, and global types.
- **Whipple's triad:** Hypoglycaemic symptoms, Low measured plasma glucose, Relief after glucose. Confirms true hypoglycaemia.
- **Rule of 15:** 15 grams of fast carbohydrate, recheck glucose in 15 minutes. Guides the treatment of conscious hypoglycaemia.
- **B symptoms:** Fever, drenching night sweats, unexplained weight loss. Flags the constitutional symptoms of lymphoma.
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