Formulary
Enoximone: Indications, Dosing, Side Effects and Interactions
Enoximone is a phosphodiesterase type-3 inhibitor that exerts most effect on the myocardium; it has positive inotropic properties and vasodilator activity.
MedNext Academy | 3 min read
Enoximone: Indications, Dosing, Side Effects and Interactions
Enoximone is a phosphodiesterase type-3 inhibitor that exerts most effect on the myocardium; it has positive inotropic properties and vasodilator activity.
Drug action
Enoximone is a phosphodiesterase type-3 inhibitor that exerts most effect on the myocardium; it has positive inotropic properties and vasodilator activity.
Indications and dose
**Congestive heart failure where cardiac output reduced and filling pressures increased**
- **Adult** (By Slow Intravenous Injection): Initially 0.5-1 mg/kg, rate not exceeding 12.5 mg/minute, then 500 micrograms/kg every 30 minutes until satisfactory response or total of 3 mg/kg given; maintenance, initial dose of up to 3 mg/kg may be repeated every 3-6 hours as required.
- **Adult** (By Intravenous Infusion): Initially 90 micrograms/kg/minute, dose to be given over 10-30 minutes, followed by 5-20 micrograms/kg/minute, dose to be given as either a continuous or intermittent infusion; maximum 24 mg/kg per day.
**Congestive heart failure, low cardiac output following cardiac surgery for enoximone**
- **Neonate** (Initially by slow intravenous injection): Loading dose 500 micrograms/kg, followed by (by continuous intravenous infusion) 5-20 micrograms/kg/minute, adjusted according to response, infusion to be given over 24 hours; maximum 24 mg/kg per day.
- **Child** (Initially by slow intravenous injection): Loading dose 500 micrograms/kg, followed by (by continuous intravenous infusion) 5-20 micrograms/kg/minute, adjusted according to response, infusion dose to be given over 24 hours; maximum 24 mg/kg per day.
Cautions
Heart failure associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, stenotic or obstructive valvular disease or other outlet obstruction
Side effects
Common or very common Headache; hypotension; insomnia Uncommon Arrhythmias; diarrhoea; dizziness; nausea; vomiting Rare or very rare Chills; fever; fluid retention; myalgia; oliguria; urinary retention
Pregnancy
Manufacturer advises use only if potential benefit outweighs risk.
Breast feeding
Manufacturer advises caution-no information available.
Renal impairment
Dose adjustments Manufacturer advises consider dose reduction.
Medicinal forms
Clinical governance
**Author:** MedNext Clinical Team. **Clinical reviewer:** Dr Shameer Deen, MBBS, MS, MRCS. **Sources:** BNF, Indian Pharmacopoeia, CIMS India. **Correction:** Report errors at support@mednext.academy.
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