Formulary
Demeclocycline hydrochloride: Indications, Dosing, Side Effects and Interactions
Demeclocycline hydrochloride clinical drug profile including indications, dosing, side effects, cautions and interactions.
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Demeclocycline hydrochloride: Indications, Dosing, Side Effects and Interactions
Demeclocycline hydrochloride clinical drug profile including indications, dosing, side effects, cautions and interactions.
Indications and dose
**Susceptible infections (e.g. chlamydia, rickettsia and mycoplasma)**
- **Adult** (By Mouth): 150 mg 4 times a day, alternatively 300 mg twice daily.
**Treatment of hyponatraemia resulting from inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, if fluid restriction alone does not restore sodium concentration or is not tolerable**
- **Adult** (By Mouth): Initially 0.9-1.2 g daily in divided doses, maintenance 600-900 mg daily.
**Susceptible infections (e.g. chlamydia, rickettsia and mycoplasma) for demeclocycline hydrochloride**
- **Child 12-17 years** (By mouth): 150 mg 4 times a day, alternatively 300 mg twice daily.
Cautions
Myasthenia gravis (muscle weakness may be increased); systemic lupus erythematosus (may be exacerbated) Cautions For demeclocycline hydrochloride Photosensitivity more common than with other tetracyclines
Side effects
Common or very common Angioedema; diarrhoea; headache; Henoch-Schnlein purpura; hypersensitivity; nausea; pericarditis; photosensitivity reaction; skin reactions; systemic lupus erythematosus exacerbated; vomiting Uncommon Dizziness; pancreatitis Rare or very rare Appetite decreased; discolouration of thyroid gland; dysphagia; eosinophilia; fontanelle bulging (in infants); gastrointestinal disorders; glossitis; haemolytic anaemia; hepatic disorders; idiopathic intracranial hypertension; increased risk of infection; neutropenia; pseudomembranous enterocolitis; Stevens-Johnson syndrome; thrombocytopenia Frequency not known Tooth discolouration Side-effects, further information Headache and visual disturbances may indicate benign intracranial hypertension (discontinue treatment if raised intracranial pressure develops). Side-effects For demeclocycline hydrochloride Rare or very rare Agranulocytosis; aplastic anaemia; hearing impairment; nephritis; severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) Frequency not known Intracranial pressure increased; muscle weakness; nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; stomatitis; vision disorders
Interactions
**Other interactions (4):**
- Tetracyclines depress plasma prothrombin activity and reduced doses of concomitant anti-coagulants such as Coumarins and phenindione may be required.
- Absorption of tetracyclines is possibly reduced by kaolin, quinapril tablets (quinapril tablets contain magnesium carbonate), strontium ranelate, sucralfate, tripotassium dicitratobismuthate.
- There is a possible increased risk of benign intracranial hypertension with concomitant use of tetracyclines and retinoids, e.g.
- Typhoid Vaccine (oral): Antibacterials inactivate oral typhoid vaccine and therefore Demeclocycline Hydrochloride Capsule should be avoided for 3 days before and after oral typhoid vaccine.
Pregnancy
Should not be given to pregnant women; effects on skeletal development have been documented in the first trimester in animal studies. Administration during the second or third trimester may cause discoloration of the child's teeth, and maternal hepatotoxicity has been reported with large parenteral doses.
Breast feeding
Should not be given to women who are breast-feeding (although absorption and therefore discoloration of teeth in the infant is probably usually prevented by chelation with calcium in milk).
Hepatic impairment
In general, manufacturers advise caution. Hepatic impairment For demeclocycline hydrochloride Dose adjustments Manufacturer advises maximum 1 g daily in divided doses.
Renal impairment
Avoid unless potential benefit outweighs risk (risk of accumulation). M Dose adjustments Reduce dose if use is essential. M
Medicinal forms
Tablet,Tablet,Capsule
Clinical governance
**Author:** MedNext Clinical Team. **Clinical reviewer:** Dr Shameer Deen, MBBS, MS, MRCS. **Sources:** BNF, Indian Pharmacopoeia, CIMS India. **Correction:** Report errors at support@mednext.academy.
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