Pathology Cheat Sheet
Classify the Adnexal Lesion
Ovarian and trophoblastic tumours for NEET-PG: serous cystadenocarcinoma CA-125, dermoid cyst, dysgerminoma, Krukenberg, hydatidiform mole, and choriocarcinoma.
MedNext Academy | 3 min read
Clinically reviewed by Dr Shameer Deen, MBBS, MS, MRCS
Classify the Adnexal Lesion
Ovarian and trophoblastic tumours for NEET-PG: serous cystadenocarcinoma CA-125, dermoid cyst, dysgerminoma, Krukenberg, hydatidiform mole, and choriocarcinoma.
The classification of ovarian tumours and the pathology of gestational trophoblastic disease.
High-yield lines
- Ovarian tumours are classified into surface epithelial, germ cell, and sex cord-stromal groups.
- Surface epithelial tumours are the most common and include serous and mucinous types.
- Serous cystadenocarcinoma is the most common malignant ovarian tumour and may contain psammoma bodies.
- CA-125 is a serum marker used to monitor epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
- Mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) is the most common ovarian germ cell tumour and contains skin, hair, and teeth.
- Dysgerminoma is the ovarian counterpart of testicular seminoma and is radiosensitive.
- Granulosa cell tumours secrete oestrogen and show Call-Exner bodies.
- Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours may secrete androgens and cause virilisation.
- Krukenberg tumour is bilateral ovarian metastasis of signet-ring gastric carcinoma.
- A complete hydatidiform mole is diploid and androgenetic, shows diffuse villous swelling, and lacks a fetus.
- A partial mole is triploid, has focal villous swelling, and may have fetal parts.
- Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant trophoblastic tumour that secretes high beta-hCG and spreads to the lungs.
Mapped competency codes
- PA30.4
- PA30.5
- PA30.7
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This summary maps to PA30-female-genital-tract.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the most common malignant ovarian tumour?
Serous cystadenocarcinoma, a surface epithelial tumour that may contain psammoma bodies and is monitored with the marker CA-125.
What is a mature cystic teratoma?
A dermoid cyst, the most common ovarian germ cell tumour, containing differentiated tissues such as skin, hair, sebaceous material, and teeth.
How do complete and partial hydatidiform moles differ?
A complete mole is diploid and androgenetic with diffuse villous swelling and no fetus, while a partial mole is triploid with focal swelling and may contain fetal parts.
What is a Krukenberg tumour?
Bilateral ovarian metastasis of signet-ring cell carcinoma, most often from the stomach.
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